8.2. Electronic contactless system of ignition
MODELS 1,3 AND 1,4 L WITH THE CARBURETTOROn all models of 1,3 l the contactless system of ignition Delco is used. The system of ignition turns on the coil of ignition and the distributor of ignition which drive is carried out from a camshaft end face.
The distributor of ignition contains the inductive sensor installed on a shaft and the ignition block fixed on the case. The system works as follows.
At inclusion of ignition, but motionless cranked to an engine shaft, transistors in the control unit are closed and do not pass current through primary winding of the coil of ignition.
At a provorachivaniye of a bent shaft the inductive sensor moves in the magnetic field created by the block. When passing the sensor about the block small alternating voltage is created. Blok uses this tension to open transistors in the block and to give tension on primary winding of the coil of ignition.
After passing of the sensor about the block alternating voltage changes and transistors are closed, blocking giving of tension to primary winding of the coil of ignition. At the same time high voltage in a secondary winding of the coil of ignition which via the distributor and high-voltage wires moves on the corresponding spark plug is induced.
MODELS OF 1,6 L (16 SH) AND 1,8 L (18 E)
On these models the system of ignition Bosch with Hall's sensor which is turning on the ignition coil, the distributor of ignition and the block of ignition is installed.
The electronic impulse necessary for switching off of tension given to primary winding of the coil of ignition is formed by the magnetic trigger in the ignition distributor. The cogwheel of the trigger rotates in constant magnetic field. The size of magnetic field between ledges of the stator and a cogwheel depends on an air gap between poles. At the minimum air gap when the ledge of a cogwheel is located just before a stator ledge, there is a formation of an impulse. Because magnetic field between ledges of the stator and a cogwheel constantly changes, in the electromagnetic winding of the trigger established under a cogwheel tension is generated. This tension amplifies the block and is used for shutdown of primary winding of the coil of ignition. For each cylinder about one ledge of the trigger and the stator is used.
The corner of an advancing of ignition is set by the distributor of ignition and corrected centrifugal and vacuum by regulators.
The block of ignition has an electric chain which disconnects tension from primary winding of the coil of ignition if time between two consecutive impulses exceeds 1,5 seconds. It protects the coil of ignition and electric chains in case ignition remained switched off on imprudence.
MODELS OF 1,6 L (16 SV)
Models till 1988
On models from 1987 to 1988 with engines 16 SV the electronic system of ignition of MZV was installed. In this system the corner of an advancing of ignition is run by the microprocessor on the basis of information on temperature, turns of the engine and loading. Correction of a corner of an advancing of ignition can be executed also by shift of a cap of octane number. The initial corner of an advancing of ignition is defined by position of the distributor of ignition. At an octane number cap detachment the control unit does not regulate an ignition advancing corner.
Models since 1989
On models the E1 Plus system which is modification of system of ignition of MZV is installed. Elements of systems of ignition are very similar, but instead of the inductive sensor Hall's sensor is installed. The microprocessor has system of self-diagnostics for detection of malfunctions. The control unit limits the maximum turns of the engine, turning off giving of tension to primary winding of the coil of ignition at engine turns higher than 6 000 rpm.
MODELS OF 1,8 L (18 SE)
The system of ignition E161 (EZ 61) is installed on all engines of 1,8 l since 1987. Also as well as the system of ignition of MZV and E1 Plus, this system uses the microprocessor control unit for calculation of a dynamic corner of an advancing of ignition on the basis of signals from the inductive sensor of impulses installed from the forward party of the block of cylinders, and the segmented disk fixed on cranked to a shaft.
The distributor of ignition serves only for distribution of high voltage to spark plugs and does not exert any impact on an ignition advancing corner.
MODELS 1,4 AND 1,6 L WITH SYSTEM OF INJECTION OF FUEL
The control system of the Multec CFi engine is described in subsection 6.2.5.1. The electronic control device (ECU) operates system of ignition and system of injection of fuel and in fact is a control system of the engine. For definition of a corner of an advancing of ignition the ECU block obtains information from various sensors on the provision of a bent shaft, temperature of cooling liquid and absolute pressure in an inlet collector. Besides, the ECU block obtains additional information on the determined octane number of fuel and the control unit of the automatic transmission. For smooth gear shifting the ignition advancing corner when switching decreases.
MODELS OF 2,0 L
The control system of the Motronic engine is described in subsection 6.2.5.3. The system of ignition is similar to system of ignition E1 61. Correction of a corner of an advancing of ignition can be made only shift of a cap of octane number. In a control system of the Motronic M2.5 engine the ECU block obtains additional information from the sensor of a detonation installed on the block of cylinders. At emergence of a detonation the ECU block reduces a corner of an advancing of ignition and prevents damage of the engine.